Launched in 1981, this PC offered affordable hardware for word processing and spreadsheets and enabled these apps to spread rapidly across large and midsize organizations. These spreadsheets, developed in 1979, automated budget calculations and other accounting tasks. Emerging in the mid-1970s, word processing automated document production, as typists could edit text electronically without retyping entire pages. Three inventions in this decade began to digitize paper processes: One or more people retyped drafts, handled revisions and produced final versions, which were then printed and delivered to the recipients. Other employees edited paper drafts or added new sections. Salespeople and contract specialists - supported by subject matter experts, lawyers and others - drafted business proposals. Until the late 1970s, paper powered business. Each era takes advantage of prior capabilities to help employees and teams communicate, coordinate and collaborate more efficiently. The future of the paperless office depends on how these underlying technologies continue to evolve. Paper's importance as a physical object changed from an information storage and display medium to just a display device. Each era includes specific hardware, software and networking technologies that automate certain tasks and solve specific problems. The paperless office spans four computing eras: integrated office systems, client-server networks, enterprise web servers and cloud platforms.
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